Majalah Ilmiah UNIKOM

Vol.7, No. 2

204

H a l a m a n

that would be spent along with building–

life–cycle in context building as product of

architectural system or process, but implic-

itly Handler suggests that architectural

problems should be accomplished based

on a cradle–to–grave paradigm.

Within system of architecture, the archi-

tects might be merely interested with plan-

ning and designing building process. In

fact, they cannot avoid involvement of con-

struction officers, building operators, and

building users, along the production of the

building until the end of life of the building.

Therefore, building–life–cycle evaluation

can be carried out by system of architec-

ture, which can be analogized with LCA as

an instrument inherent in system of archi-

tecture.

Throughout “Sustainable Architecture”,

James Steele forwarded his consideration

about role of architects, environmental

economy, material, even study on sustain-

able architecture:



The role of architects to reach sustain-

able building or architecture instead of

sustainable product, represented by

energy conserved designs, usage of

relevant literature, applying traditional

wisdom, not regarding land as com-

modity, and responsive towards envi-

ronment.



Environmental economy substance

offered by suggesting estimating life–

cycle–costing.



Materials that should be aware of that

are extensively used all over the world

for instance aluminum, concrete, ply-

wood, and steel. To be precise energy

intensive materials are materials that

are produced by using a very large

amount of energy.



Curriculum applied should be anticipa-

tive to previous curriculum that has

applied value and norm which judged

nature as enemy to be conquered, and

not consider them as basis for life and

environment as a place where architec-

ture can and have to harmoniously fit

in.

Similar consideration advanced by Brenda

and Robert Vale throughout their “Green

Architecture”: “Architectural paradigm has

changed”, this statement forwarded since

there is tend to changes towards designs

of energy conserved, working with climate,

minimizes usage of new resources, re-

specting users, respecting site, and ho-

lism.

In the course of “Designing with Nature”,

Ken Yeang offering architectural design

concept by way of ecological approach.

The approach including analysis, synthe-

sis, and evaluation stages, which is based

on “Value in Building” theory from T. Mar-

kus in 1973. On evaluation stage, Yeang

has more taken notice to life cycle of every

step of evaluation criteria to be precise

production process, construction, con-

sumption, and recovery process. On those

stages Yeang considered architectural

design as cyclic system as “from source to

sink” that similar to cradle–to–grave that

is starting from resource extraction ended

at the unvalued condition.

Based on stated considerations, it can be

concluded that regarding architecture as a

system means keep concerning about

building–life–cycle in context of building

as product of system of architecture. How-

ever, considering architecture as a system

is the right step for architecture to take

place in responsibilities upon the decreas-

ing of natural resources mainly non–

renewable energy resources.

PROJECTION IN INDONESIA

There must be many Indonesian architec-

tural theorists and practitioners who have

had similar thought and commitment even

have been applying the design criteria,

which is formulated based on cradle–to–

grave paradigm though explicitly has not

showed yet the estimation of building–life

–cycle using sort of instrument such as

LCA.

However, merely commitment could be

Wanita Subadra Abioso